第 5 章:设置和管理镜像¶
在本章的整个过程中,您都需要以非特权用户(如果您一直按照本书的说明进行操作,则为“lxdadmin”)的身份运行命令。
列出可用镜像¶
您可能迫不及待地想开始使用容器。有许多容器操作系统可供选择。为了了解有多少种可能性,请输入以下命令:
lxc image list images: | more
按空格键逐页浏览列表。此容器和虚拟机列表将不断增长。
您 **最后** 想做的事情就是逐页浏览寻找要安装的容器镜像,特别是当您知道您想要创建的镜像时。将命令更改为仅显示 Rocky Linux 安装选项:
lxc image list images: | grep rocky
这将显示一个更易于管理的列表:
| rockylinux/8 (3 more) | 0ed2f148f7c6 | yes | Rockylinux 8 amd64 (20220805_02:06) | x86_64 | CONTAINER | 128.68MB | Aug 5, 2022 at 12:00am (UTC) |
| rockylinux/8 (3 more) | 6411a033fdf1 | yes | Rockylinux 8 amd64 (20220805_02:06) | x86_64 | VIRTUAL-MACHINE | 643.15MB | Aug 5, 2022 at 12:00am (UTC) |
| rockylinux/8/arm64 (1 more) | e677777306cf | yes | Rockylinux 8 arm64 (20220805_02:29) | aarch64 | CONTAINER | 124.06MB | Aug 5, 2022 at 12:00am (UTC) |
| rockylinux/8/cloud (1 more) | 3d2fe303afd3 | yes | Rockylinux 8 amd64 (20220805_02:06) | x86_64 | CONTAINER | 147.04MB | Aug 5, 2022 at 12:00am (UTC) |
| rockylinux/8/cloud (1 more) | 7b37619bf333 | yes | Rockylinux 8 amd64 (20220805_02:06) | x86_64 | VIRTUAL-MACHINE | 659.58MB | Aug 5, 2022 at 12:00am (UTC) |
| rockylinux/8/cloud/arm64 | 21c930b2ce7d | yes | Rockylinux 8 arm64 (20220805_02:06) | aarch64 | CONTAINER | 143.17MB | Aug 5, 2022 at 12:00am (UTC) |
| rockylinux/9 (3 more) | 61b0171b7eca | yes | Rockylinux 9 amd64 (20220805_02:07) | x86_64 | VIRTUAL-MACHINE | 526.38MB | Aug 5, 2022 at 12:00am (UTC) |
| rockylinux/9 (3 more) | e7738a0e2923 | yes | Rockylinux 9 amd64 (20220805_02:07) | x86_64 | CONTAINER | 107.80MB | Aug 5, 2022 at 12:00am (UTC) |
| rockylinux/9/arm64 (1 more) | 917b92a54032 | yes | Rockylinux 9 arm64 (20220805_02:06) | aarch64 | CONTAINER | 103.81MB | Aug 5, 2022 at 12:00am (UTC) |
| rockylinux/9/cloud (1 more) | 16d3f18f2abb | yes | Rockylinux 9 amd64 (20220805_02:06) | x86_64 | CONTAINER | 123.52MB | Aug 5, 2022 at 12:00am (UTC) |
| rockylinux/9/cloud (1 more) | 605eadf1c512 | yes | Rockylinux 9 amd64 (20220805_02:06) | x86_64 | VIRTUAL-MACHINE | 547.39MB | Aug 5, 2022 at 12:00am (UTC) |
| rockylinux/9/cloud/arm64 | db3ce70718e3 | yes | Rockylinux 9 arm64 (20220805_02:06) | aarch64 | CONTAINER | 119.27MB | Aug 5, 2022 at 12:00am (UTC) |
安装、重命名和列出镜像¶
对于第一个容器,您将使用“rockylinux/8”。要安装它,您 ***可能*** 会使用:
lxc launch images:rockylinux/8 rockylinux-test-8
这将创建一个名为“rockylinux-test-8”的基于 Rocky Linux 的容器。创建容器后可以重命名容器,但首先需要停止容器,该容器会在创建时自动启动。
要手动启动容器,请使用:
lxc start rockylinux-test-8
要重命名镜像(我们在这里不这样做,但这是方法),请首先停止容器:
lxc stop rockylinux-test-8
使用 move
命令更改容器的名称:
lxc move rockylinux-test-8 rockylinux-8
如果您仍然按照此说明进行操作,请停止容器并将其移回原始名称,以便继续跟随。
为了本指南的方便,现在再安装两个镜像:
lxc launch images:rockylinux/9 rockylinux-test-9
和
lxc launch images:ubuntu/22.04 ubuntu-test
通过列出您的镜像来检查您已有的内容:
lxc list
这将返回以下内容:
+-------------------+---------+----------------------+------+-----------+-----------+
| NAME | STATE | IPV4 | IPV6 | TYPE | SNAPSHOTS |
+-------------------+---------+----------------------+------+-----------+-----------+
| rockylinux-test-8 | RUNNING | 10.146.84.179 (eth0) | | CONTAINER | 0 |
+-------------------+---------+----------------------+------+-----------+-----------+
| rockylinux-test-9 | RUNNING | 10.146.84.180 (eth0) | | CONTAINER | 0 |
+-------------------+---------+----------------------+------+-----------+-----------+
| ubuntu-test | RUNNING | 10.146.84.181 (eth0) | | CONTAINER | 0 |
+-------------------+---------+----------------------+------+-----------+-----------+
作者:Steven Spencer
贡献者:Ezequiel Bruni, Ganna Zhyrnova