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第 5 章:设置和管理镜像

在本章的整个过程中,您都需要以非特权用户(如果您一直按照本书的说明进行操作,则为“lxdadmin”)的身份运行命令。

列出可用镜像

您可能迫不及待地想开始使用容器。有许多容器操作系统可供选择。为了了解有多少种可能性,请输入以下命令:

lxc image list images: | more

按空格键逐页浏览列表。此容器和虚拟机列表将不断增长。

您 **最后** 想做的事情就是逐页浏览寻找要安装的容器镜像,特别是当您知道您想要创建的镜像时。将命令更改为仅显示 Rocky Linux 安装选项:

lxc image list images: | grep rocky

这将显示一个更易于管理的列表:

| rockylinux/8 (3 more)                    | 0ed2f148f7c6 | yes    | Rockylinux 8 amd64 (20220805_02:06)          | x86_64       | CONTAINER       | 128.68MB  | Aug 5, 2022 at 12:00am (UTC)  |
| rockylinux/8 (3 more)                    | 6411a033fdf1 | yes    | Rockylinux 8 amd64 (20220805_02:06)          | x86_64       | VIRTUAL-MACHINE | 643.15MB  | Aug 5, 2022 at 12:00am (UTC)  |
| rockylinux/8/arm64 (1 more)              | e677777306cf | yes    | Rockylinux 8 arm64 (20220805_02:29)          | aarch64      | CONTAINER       | 124.06MB  | Aug 5, 2022 at 12:00am (UTC)  |
| rockylinux/8/cloud (1 more)              | 3d2fe303afd3 | yes    | Rockylinux 8 amd64 (20220805_02:06)          | x86_64       | CONTAINER       | 147.04MB  | Aug 5, 2022 at 12:00am (UTC)  |
| rockylinux/8/cloud (1 more)              | 7b37619bf333 | yes    | Rockylinux 8 amd64 (20220805_02:06)          | x86_64       | VIRTUAL-MACHINE | 659.58MB  | Aug 5, 2022 at 12:00am (UTC)  |
| rockylinux/8/cloud/arm64                 | 21c930b2ce7d | yes    | Rockylinux 8 arm64 (20220805_02:06)          | aarch64      | CONTAINER       | 143.17MB  | Aug 5, 2022 at 12:00am (UTC)  |
| rockylinux/9 (3 more)                    | 61b0171b7eca | yes    | Rockylinux 9 amd64 (20220805_02:07)          | x86_64       | VIRTUAL-MACHINE | 526.38MB  | Aug 5, 2022 at 12:00am (UTC)  |
| rockylinux/9 (3 more)                    | e7738a0e2923 | yes    | Rockylinux 9 amd64 (20220805_02:07)          | x86_64       | CONTAINER       | 107.80MB  | Aug 5, 2022 at 12:00am (UTC)  |
| rockylinux/9/arm64 (1 more)              | 917b92a54032 | yes    | Rockylinux 9 arm64 (20220805_02:06)          | aarch64      | CONTAINER       | 103.81MB  | Aug 5, 2022 at 12:00am (UTC)  |
| rockylinux/9/cloud (1 more)              | 16d3f18f2abb | yes    | Rockylinux 9 amd64 (20220805_02:06)          | x86_64       | CONTAINER       | 123.52MB  | Aug 5, 2022 at 12:00am (UTC)  |
| rockylinux/9/cloud (1 more)              | 605eadf1c512 | yes    | Rockylinux 9 amd64 (20220805_02:06)          | x86_64       | VIRTUAL-MACHINE | 547.39MB  | Aug 5, 2022 at 12:00am (UTC)  |
| rockylinux/9/cloud/arm64                 | db3ce70718e3 | yes    | Rockylinux 9 arm64 (20220805_02:06)          | aarch64      | CONTAINER       | 119.27MB  | Aug 5, 2022 at 12:00am (UTC)  |

安装、重命名和列出镜像

对于第一个容器,您将使用“rockylinux/8”。要安装它,您 ***可能*** 会使用:

lxc launch images:rockylinux/8 rockylinux-test-8

这将创建一个名为“rockylinux-test-8”的基于 Rocky Linux 的容器。创建容器后可以重命名容器,但首先需要停止容器,该容器会在创建时自动启动。

要手动启动容器,请使用:

lxc start rockylinux-test-8

要重命名镜像(我们在这里不这样做,但这是方法),请首先停止容器:

lxc stop rockylinux-test-8

使用 move 命令更改容器的名称:

lxc move rockylinux-test-8 rockylinux-8

如果您仍然按照此说明进行操作,请停止容器并将其移回原始名称,以便继续跟随。

为了本指南的方便,现在再安装两个镜像:

lxc launch images:rockylinux/9 rockylinux-test-9

lxc launch images:ubuntu/22.04 ubuntu-test

通过列出您的镜像来检查您已有的内容:

lxc list

这将返回以下内容:

+-------------------+---------+----------------------+------+-----------+-----------+
|       NAME        |  STATE  |         IPV4         | IPV6 |   TYPE    | SNAPSHOTS |
+-------------------+---------+----------------------+------+-----------+-----------+
| rockylinux-test-8 | RUNNING | 10.146.84.179 (eth0) |      | CONTAINER | 0         |
+-------------------+---------+----------------------+------+-----------+-----------+
| rockylinux-test-9 | RUNNING | 10.146.84.180 (eth0) |      | CONTAINER | 0         |
+-------------------+---------+----------------------+------+-----------+-----------+
| ubuntu-test       | RUNNING | 10.146.84.181 (eth0) |      | CONTAINER | 0         |
+-------------------+---------+----------------------+------+-----------+-----------+

作者:Steven Spencer

贡献者:Ezequiel Bruni, Ganna Zhyrnova