Bash - 脚本存根

在我之前工作的公司，有一位很厉害的程序员，精通多种语言。当有人在脚本实现某个功能上有疑问时，大家都会找他。他最终创建了一个小存根，一个包含各种脚本示例的文件，你可以直接复制并根据需要进行编辑。最终，我变得足够熟练，不再需要查看这个存根，但它是一个很好的学习工具，而且对其他人来说可能也很有用。

实际的存根

这个存根有很好的文档说明，但请记住，这绝不是一个详尽的脚本！还可以添加很多其他的例程。如果你有适合添加到这个存根中的示例，请随时添加一些修改。

#!/bin/sh

# By exporting the path, this keeps you from having to enter full paths for commands that exist in those paths:

export PATH="$PATH:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin"

# Determine and save absolute path to program directory.
# Attention! In bash, the ' 'represents the string itself; But " " is a little different. $, ` `, and \ represent call variable values, reference commands, and escape characters, respectively
# When done will be in same directory as script:

PGM=`basename $0` # Name of the program
CDIR=`pwd` # Save directory program was run from

PDIR=`dirname $0`
cd $PDIR
PDIR=`pwd`

# If a program accepts filenames as arguments, this will put us back where we started.
# (Needed so references to files using relative paths work.):

cd $CDIR

# Use this if script must be run by certain user:

runby="root"
iam=`/usr/bin/id -un`
if [ $iam != "$runby" ]
then
  echo "$PGM : program must be run by user \"$runby\""
  exit
fi

# Check for missing parameter.
# Display usage message and exit if it is missing:

if [ "$1" = "" ]
then
  echo "$PGM : parameter 1 is required"
  echo "Usage: $PGM param-one"
  exit
fi

# Prompt for data (in this case a yes/no response that defaults to "N"):

/bin/echo -n "Do you wish to continue? [y/N] "
read yn
if [ "$yn" != "y" ] && [ "$yn" != "Y" ]
then
  echo "Cancelling..."
  exit;
fi

# If only one copy of your script can run at a time, use this block of code.
# Check for lock file.  If it doesn't exist create it.
# If it does exist, display error message and exit:

LOCKF="/tmp/${PGM}.lock"
if [ ! -e $LOCKF ]
then
  touch $LOCKF
else
  echo "$PGM: cannot continue -- lock file exists"
  echo
  echo "To continue make sure this program is not already running, then delete the"
  echo "lock file:"
  echo
  echo "    rm -f $LOCKF"
  echo
  echo "Aborting..."
  exit 0
fi

script_list=`ls customer/*`

for script in $script_list
do
  if [ $script != $PGM ]
  then
    echo "./${script}"
  fi
done

# Remove the lock file

rm -f $LOCKF

结论

脚本是系统管理员的好帮手。能够通过脚本快速完成某些任务，可以提高流程完成的效率。虽然这绝不是一套详尽的脚本例程，但这个存根提供了一些常用的用法示例。

作者：Steven Spencer

贡献者：Ezequiel Bruni