DNF 包管理器¶
DNF（Dandified Yum）是某些 Linux 发行版中的包管理器。它是 Yum（Yellowdog Updater, Modified）包管理器的下一代版本，广泛应用于基于 Red Hat 的系统。DNF 被引入作为 Yum 的替代品，以解决一些限制并提高性能。
DNF 通常用于 Rocky Linux、Fedora、RHEL（Red Hat Enterprise Linux）8 及更高版本以及其他已将其作为其包管理器采用的 Linux 发行版。它旨在为用户和管理员提供更现代、更高效的包管理体验。
先决条件¶
- 对于所有 Rocky Linux 版本，都需要能够使用
sudo来提升权限。
安装软件包¶
您可以在 Rocky Linux 操作系统上像使用其他包管理器一样使用 DNF 包管理器来安装、删除和更新您想要的软件包。
sudo dnf install package_name1 package_name2 package_name3
要安装 perl
sudo dnf install perl
Last metadata expiration check: 0:57:51 ago on Mon 05 Feb 2024 08:31:09 PM UTC.
Dependencies resolved.
==============================================================================================================================
Package Architecture Version Repository Size
==============================================================================================================================
Installing:
perl x86_64 4:5.32.1-480.el9 appstream 13 k
Installing dependencies:
annobin x86_64 12.12-1.el9 appstream 977 k
binutils x86_64 2.35.2-42.el9 baseos 4.5 M
binutils-gold x86_64 2.35.2-42.el9 baseos 734 k
cpp x86_64 11.4.1-2.1.el9 appstream 11 M
dwz x86_64 0.14-3.el9 appstream 127 k
efi-srpm-macros noarch 6-2.el9_0 appstream 22 k
elfutils-debuginfod-client x86_64 0.189-3.el9 baseos 36 k
file x86_64 5.39-14.el9 baseos 48 k
fonts-srpm-macros noarch 1:2.0.5-7.el9.1 appstream 27 k
gcc x86_64 11.4.1-2.1.el9 appstream 32 M
gcc-c++ x86_64 11.4.1-2.1.el9 appstream 13 M
gcc-plugin-annobin x86_64 11.4.1-2.1.el9 appstream 48 k
ghc-srpm-macros noarch 1.5.0-6.el9 appstream 7.8 k
glibc-devel x86_64 2.34-83.el9.7 appstream 50 k
glibc-headers x86_64 2.34-83.el9.7 appstream 450 k
go-srpm-macros noarch 3.2.0-2.el9 appstream 26 k
kernel-headers x86_64 5.14.0-362.18.1.el9_3 appstream 6.3 M
kernel-srpm-macros noarch 1.0-13.el9 appstream 15 k
libdatrie x86_64 0.2.13-4.el9 appstream 32 k
libmpc x86_64 1.2.1-4.el9 appstream 61 k
libpkgconf x86_64 1.7.3-10.el9 baseos 35 k
... (some packages not shown)
Installing weak dependencies:
perl-CPAN-DistnameInfo noarch 0.12-23.el9 appstream 14 k
perl-Encode-Locale noarch 1.05-21.el9 appstream 19 k
perl-Term-Size-Any noarch 0.002-35.el9 appstream 13 k
perl-TermReadKey x86_64 2.38-11.el9 appstream 36 k
perl-Unicode-LineBreak x86_64 2019.001-11.el9 appstream 120 k
Transaction Summary
==============================================================================================================================
Install 206 Packages
Total download size: 111 M
Installed size: 343 M
Is this ok [y/N]:
安装软件包组（如 Xfce 桌面 或 Kde 桌面 等）的方式类似
sudo dnf group install xfce
这将生成类似这样的输出
sudo dnf group install xfce
Last metadata expiration check: 1:04:31 ago on Mon 05 Feb 2024 08:31:09 PM UTC.
Dependencies resolved.
========================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Package Architecture Version Repository Size
========================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing group/module packages:
Thunar x86_64 4.18.6-2.el9 epel 1.8 M
gdm x86_64 1:40.1-21.el9 appstream 836 k
network-manager-applet x86_64 1.26.0-2.el9 appstream 197 k
openssh-askpass x86_64 8.7p1-34.el9 appstream 21 k
thunar-archive-plugin x86_64 0.5.0-2.el9 epel 93 k
thunar-volman x86_64 4.18.0-2.el9 epel 210 k
tumbler x86_64 4.18.1-1.el9 epel 237 k
xfce-polkit x86_64 0.3-8.el9 epel 24 k
xfce4-appfinder x86_64 4.18.0-2.el9 epel 285 k
xfce4-panel x86_64 4.18.4-1.el9 epel 1.2 M
xfce4-power-manager x86_64 4.18.2-1.el9 epel 733 k
xfce4-pulseaudio-plugin x86_64 0.4.7-1.el9 epel 131 k
xfce4-screensaver x86_64 4.18.2-1.el9 epel 305 k
xfce4-session x86_64 4.18.3-1.el9 epel 541 k
xfce4-settings x86_64 4.18.2-2.el9 epel 1.2 M
... (some packages not shown)
Installing Groups:
Xfce
Transaction Summary
========================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Install 402 Packages
Total download size: 317 M
Installed size: 1.1 G
Is this ok [y/N]:
如您所见，有几种方法可以安装 KDE 桌面组
sudo dnf group install "KDE Plasma Workspaces"
sudo dnf group install kde-desktop-environment
sudo dnf install @kde-desktop-environment
更新和升级软件包¶
更新和升级¶
如果您决定更新您的软件包，请在终端中使用此代码
sudo dnf update
这可能会显示类似这样的内容
sudo dnf update
Last metadata expiration check: 1:12:59 ago on Mon 05 Feb 2024 08:31:09 PM UTC.
Dependencies resolved.
========================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Package Architecture Version Repository Size
========================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Upgrading:
NetworkManager x86_64 1:1.44.0-4.el9_3 baseos 2.2 M
NetworkManager-libnm x86_64 1:1.44.0-4.el9_3 baseos 1.8 M
gnutls x86_64 3.7.6-23.el9_3.3 baseos 1.0 M
openssl x86_64 1:3.0.7-25.el9_3 baseos 1.2 M
openssl-libs x86_64 1:3.0.7-25.el9_3 baseos 2.1 M
python3 x86_64 3.9.18-1.el9_3.1 baseos 25 k
python3-libs x86_64 3.9.18-1.el9_3.1 baseos 7.3 M
python3-rpm x86_64 4.16.1.3-27.el9_3 baseos 64 k
rocky-gpg-keys noarch 9.3-1.2.el9 baseos 13 k
rocky-release noarch 9.3-1.2.el9 baseos 23 k
rocky-repos noarch 9.3-1.2.el9 baseos 13 k
rpm x86_64 4.16.1.3-27.el9_3 baseos 485 k
rpm-build-libs x86_64 4.16.1.3-27.el9_3 baseos 87 k
rpm-libs x86_64 4.16.1.3-27.el9_3 baseos 307 k
rpm-plugin-systemd-inhibit x86_64 4.16.1.3-27.el9_3 appstream 15 k
rpm-sign-libs x86_64 4.16.1.3-27.el9_3 baseos 19 k
systemd x86_64 252-18.el9.0.1.rocky baseos 3.9 M
systemd-libs x86_64 252-18.el9.0.1.rocky baseos 651 k
systemd-pam x86_64 252-18.el9.0.1.rocky baseos 259 k
systemd-rpm-macros noarch 252-18.el9.0.1.rocky baseos 47 k
systemd-udev x86_64 252-18.el9.0.1.rocky baseos 1.8 M
tzdata noarch 2023d-1.el9 baseos 433 k
Transaction Summary
========================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Upgrade 22 Packages
Total download size: 24 M
Is this ok [y/N]
dnf upgrade 命令与 dnf update 命令的效果相同。
sudo dnf upgrade
更新单个软件包¶
sudo dnf upgrade package_name
例如，如果您想升级 openssl，请使用 dnf
dnf upgrade openssl
这可能会显示
dnf upgrade openssl
Last metadata expiration check: 1:21:40 ago on Mon 05 Feb 2024 08:31:09 PM UTC.
Dependencies resolved.
========================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================Package Architecture Version Repository Size
========================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Upgrading:
openssl x86_64 1:3.0.7-25.el9_3 baseos 1.2 M
openssl-libs x86_64 1:3.0.7-25.el9_3 baseos 2.1 M
Transaction Summary
========================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Upgrade 2 Packages
Total download size: 3.3 M
Is this ok [y/N]:
如果您之前使用过 sudo dnf update 或 sudo dnf upgrade 命令，那么您的整个系统都是最新的，将不会有软件包需要手动更新。
删除软件包¶
与安装软件包一样，您可以使用 dnf 来卸载软件包。但是，依赖关系在 Linux 系统中至关重要，如果您不了解它们，建议不要删除软件包。例如，错误安装的软件包可能具有 20 个依赖项，当您删除该软件包时，系统也会删除与其他程序共享的这 20 个软件包。因此，一些以前正常运行的程序可能会变得无法使用。此外，如果您认为可以通过重新安装同一个软件包来解决问题，您可能会遇到版本和旧版本冲突问题。在这方面要谨慎。
警告
DNF 无法删除软件包，而不会删除依赖于它的软件包。
删除软件包的语法为
sudo dnf remove package_name1 package_name2
sudo dnf remove wget
警告
小心，DNF 会显示软件包依赖项！如果您删除 Perl，您也会删除依赖于 Perl 的软件包！
sudo dnf remove perl
Dependencies resolved.
========================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Package Architecture Version Repository Size
========================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Removing:
perl x86_64 4:5.32.1-480.el9 @appstream 0
Removing unused dependencies:
annobin x86_64 12.12-1.el9 @appstream 1.0 M
binutils x86_64 2.35.2-42.el9 @baseos 24 M
binutils-gold x86_64 2.35.2-42.el9 @baseos 2.0 M
cpp x86_64 11.4.1-2.1.el9 @appstream 29 M
dwz x86_64 0.14-3.el9 @appstream 275 k
efi-srpm-macros noarch 6-2.el9_0 @appstream 40 k
elfutils-debuginfod-client x86_64 0.189-3.el9 @baseos 60 k
file x86_64 5.39-14.el9 @baseos 100 k
fonts-srpm-macros noarch 1:2.0.5-7.el9.1 @appstream 55 k
gcc x86_64 11.4.1-2.1.el9 @appstream 85 M
gcc-c++ x86_64 11.4.1-2.1.el9 @appstream 32 M
gcc-plugin-annobin x86_64 11.4.1-2.1.el9 @appstream 52 k
ghc-srpm-macros noarch 1.5.0-6.el9 @appstream 535
glibc-devel x86_64 2.34-83.el9.7 @appstream 157 k
glibc-headers x86_64 2.34-83.el9.7 @appstream 2.1 M
go-srpm-macros noarch 3.2.0-2.el9 @appstream 60 k
kernel-headers x86_64 5.14.0-362.18.1.el9_3 @appstream 5.8 M
kernel-srpm-macros noarch 1.0-13.el9 @appstream 17 k
libdatrie x86_64 0.2.13-4.el9 @appstream 58 k
libmpc x86_64 1.2.1-4.el9 @appstream 135 k
libpkgconf x86_64 1.7.3-10.el9 @baseos 74 k
libstdc++-devel x86_64 11.4.1-2.1.el9 @appstream 13 M
libthai x86_64 0.1.28-8.el9 @appstream 760 k
libxcrypt-devel x86_64 4.4.18-3.el9 @appstream 30 k
... (some package removal output not shown)
redhat-rpm-config noarch 201-1.el9 @appstream 187 k
rust-srpm-macros noarch 17-4.el9 @appstream 2.4 k
sombok x86_64 2.4.0-16.el9 @appstream 136 k
systemtap-sdt-devel x86_64 4.9-3.el9 @appstream 198 k
Transaction Summary
========================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Remove 206 Packages
Freed space: 343 M
Is this ok [y/N]:
删除组的语法如下。请注意，可以通过多种方式删除 KDE 组
sudo dnf group remove "KDE Plasma Workspaces"
sudo dnf group remove kde-desktop-environment
sudo dnf remove @kde-desktop-environment
DNF list¶
您可以列出任何软件包，即使您不知道软件包的完整名称，也可以通过运行此命令来完成
sudo dnf list kernel*
Last metadata expiration check: 1:44:26 ago on Mon 05 Feb 2024 08:31:09 PM UTC.
Installed Packages
kernel-headers.x86_64 5.14.0-362.18.1.el9_3 @appstream
kernel-srpm-macros.noarch 1.0-13.el9 @appstream
Available Packages
kernel.x86_64 5.14.0-362.18.1.el9_3 baseos
kernel-abi-stablelists.noarch 5.14.0-362.18.1.el9_3 baseos
kernel-core.x86_64 5.14.0-362.18.1.el9_3 baseos
kernel-cross-headers.x86_64 5.14.0-362.18.1.el9_3 crb
kernel-debug.x86_64 5.14.0-362.18.1.el9_3 baseos
kernel-debug-core.x86_64 5.14.0-362.18.1.el9_3 baseos
kernel-debug-devel.x86_64 5.14.0-362.18.1.el9_3 appstream
kernel-debug-devel-matched.x86_64 5.14.0-362.18.1.el9_3 appstream
kernel-debug-modules.x86_64 5.14.0-362.18.1.el9_3 baseos
kernel-debug-modules-core.x86_64 5.14.0-362.18.1.el9_3 baseos
kernel-debug-modules-extra.x86_64 5.14.0-362.18.1.el9_3 baseos
kernel-debug-uki-virt.x86_64 5.14.0-362.18.1.el9_3 baseos
kernel-devel.x86_64 5.14.0-362.18.1.el9_3 appstream
kernel-devel-matched.x86_64 5.14.0-362.18.1.el9_3 appstream
kernel-doc.noarch 5.14.0-362.18.1.el9_3 appstream
kernel-modules.x86_64 5.14.0-362.18.1.el9_3 baseos
kernel-modules-core.x86_64 5.14.0-362.18.1.el9_3 baseos
kernel-modules-extra.x86_64 5.14.0-362.18.1.el9_3 baseos
kernel-rpm-macros.noarch 185-13.el9 appstream
kernel-tools.x86_64 5.14.0-362.18.1.el9_3 baseos
kernel-tools-libs.x86_64 5.14.0-362.18.1.el9_3 baseos
kernel-tools-libs-devel.x86_64 5.14.0-362.18.1.el9_3 crb
kernel-uki-virt.x86_64 5.14.0-362.18.1.el9_3 baseos
kernelshark.x86_64 1:1.2-10.el9 appstream
列出有关已安装和可用的内核工具、模块以及匹配信息的信息，使用此命令
sudo dnf list kernel-tools\* kernel-modules\*
Last metadata expiration check: 1:48:22 ago on Mon 05 Feb 2024 08:31:09 PM UTC.
Available Packages
kernel-modules.x86_64 5.14.0-362.18.1.el9_3 baseos
kernel-modules-core.x86_64 5.14.0-362.18.1.el9_3 baseos
kernel-modules-extra.x86_64 5.14.0-362.18.1.el9_3 baseos
kernel-tools.x86_64 5.14.0-362.18.1.el9_3 baseos
kernel-tools-libs.x86_64 5.14.0-362.18.1.el9_3 baseos
kernel-tools-libs-devel.x86_64 5.14.0-362.18.1.el9_3 crb
列出所有已安装和可用的软件包，使用
dnf list all
这将为您提供一个非常长的文件列表。Rocky Linux 中有多少个文件？
使用此命令找出
dnf list all | wc -l
28297
列出 Rocky Linux 系统上安装的所有软件包
sudo dnf list installed
您也可以按特定软件包进行筛选
sudo dnf list installed "sudo*"
Installed Packages
sudo.x86_64 1.9.5p2-9.el9 baseos
列出所有启用仓库中可用的所有软件包，使用
sudo dnf list available "perl"
Last metadata expiration check: 1:59:53 ago on Mon 05 Feb 2024 08:31:09 PM UTC.
Available Packages
perl.x86_64 4:5.32.1-480.el9 appstream
列出所有软件包组
sudo dnf group list
Last metadata expiration check: 2:01:20 ago on Mon 05 Feb 2024 08:31:09 PM UTC.
Available Environment Groups:
Server with GUI
Server
Minimal Install
Workstation
KDE Plasma Workspaces
Custom Operating System
Virtualization Host
Available Groups:
Fedora Packager
VideoLAN Client
Xfce
Legacy UNIX Compatibility
Console Internet Tools
Container Management
Development Tools
.NET Development
Graphical Administration Tools
Headless Management
Network Servers
RPM Development Tools
Scientific Support
Security Tools
Smart Card Support
System Tool
列出每个启用仓库中提供的软件包的仓库信息。
sudo dnf repolist
repo id repo name
appstream Rocky Linux 9 - AppStream
baseos Rocky Linux 9 - BaseOS
crb Rocky Linux 9 - CRB
epel Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 9 - x86_64
epel-cisco-openh264 Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 9 openh264 (From Cisco) - x86_64
extras Rocky Linux 9 - Extras
DNF list history¶
您可以使用此命令查看 DNF 列表历史记录
sudo dnf history list
ID | Command line | Date and time | Action(s) | Altered
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
23 | remove perl | 2024-02-05 22:30 | Removed | 206
22 | install perl | 2024-02-05 22:05 | Install | 206
21 | install sqlite | 2024-01-27 15:49 | I, U | 2
20 | install tar gzip | 2024-01-27 14:27 | Install | 1
19 | install htop | 2024-01-27 14:24 | Install | 3
18 | install yarnpkg | 2024-01-27 14:21 | Install | 1
17 | install nodejs mariadb-server npm | 2024-01-27 14:14 | Install | 81
16 | upgrade | 2023-12-20 16:02 | Upgrade | 2
15 | install wget | 2023-12-20 15:38 | Install | 1
14 | remove iptables* | 2023-12-19 15:22 | Removed | 10
13 | install iptables-utils | 2023-12-19 15:09 | Install | 1
12 | install iptables-services | 2023-12-19 15:08 | Install | 1
11 | install iptables | 2023-12-19 15:02 | Install | 8 <
10 | remove firewalld | 2023-12-19 15:02 | Removed | 20 >E
9 | install firewalld | 2023-12-19 14:18 | Install | 20 EE
8 | install postfix s-nail | 2023-12-14 15:28 | Install | 3
7 | upgrade | 2023-11-30 14:30 | I, U | 128 EE
6 | install epel-release | 2023-11-30 14:30 | Install | 8 EE
5 | install which | 2023-01-24 14:31 | Install | 1
4 | install zip | 2023-01-20 13:28 | Install | 2
3 | -y --allowerasing install NetworkManager | 2023-01-19 02:47 | Install | 7 EE
2 | -y --allowerasing install cronie cronie-noanacron curl dhclient glibc-l | 2023-01-19 02:42 | Install | 42 EE
1 | --installroot=/rootfs -y --releasever=9 --skip-broken install basesyste | 2023-01-19 02:41 | Install | 147 EE
DNF 历史记录最有利的方面之一是能够回滚（撤销）和重复（重做）事务。
dnf history undo id
dnf history redo id
sudo dnf history redo 20
Last metadata expiration check: 2:23:20 ago on Mon 05 Feb 2024 08:31:09 PM UTC.
Dependencies resolved.
Nothing to do.
Complete!
Warning, the following problems occurred while running a transaction:
Package "tar.x86_64" is already installed for action "Install".
上面使用的 sudo dnf history redo 20 命令尝试重复 DNF 历史记录列表中 ID 为 20 的命令，以重新安装 tar。自然，操作显示“已安装”，因为它之前已安装。
搜索软件包¶
运行此命令搜索任何软件包
sudo dnf search wget
Last metadata expiration check: 2:27:09 ago on Mon 05 Feb 2024 08:31:09 PM UTC.
================================================= Name Exactly Matched: wget =================================================
wget.x86_64 : A utility for retrieving files using the HTTP or FTP protocols
================================================ Name & Summary Matched: wget ================================================
perl-HTTP-Tinyish-Wget.noarch : HTTP::Tinyish wget backend
运行此命令在一个搜索中搜索多个软件包
sudo dnf search all yum vim
该命令将返回一个包含“yum”和“vim”的长软件包列表，作为软件包名称，或作为其他软件包的描述。
DNF 软件包信息¶
要显示有关软件包的信息，请使用此命令
sudo dnf info perl
Last metadata expiration check: 2:33:15 ago on Mon 05 Feb 2024 08:31:09 PM UTC.
Available Packages
Name : perl
Epoch : 4
Version : 5.32.1
Release : 480.el9
Architecture : x86_64
Size : 13 k
Source : perl-5.32.1-480.el9.src.rpm
Repository : appstream
Summary : Practical Extraction and Report Language
URL : https://perl5.cn/
License : GPL+ or Artistic
Description : Perl is a high-level programming language with roots in C, sed, awk and shell
: scripting. Perl is good at handling processes and files, and is especially
: good at handling text. Perl's hallmarks are practicality and efficiency.
: While it is used to do a lot of different things, Perl's most common
: applications are system administration utilities and web programming.
:
: This is a metapackage with all the Perl bits and core modules that can be
: found in the upstream tarball from perl.org.
:
: If you need only a specific feature, you can install a specific package
: instead. E.g. to handle Perl scripts with /usr/bin/perl interpreter,
: install perl-interpreter package. See perl-interpreter description for more
: details on the Perl decomposition into packages.
要显示有关所有可用软件包的信息（已安装的和可从存储库获得的），请使用此命令
sudo dnf repoquery perl --info
虽然并不总是这样，但在上述情况下，此命令的结果与 sudo dnf info perl 命令相同。
DNF 存储库配置¶
DNF 及其关联实用程序的配置文件位于 /etc/dnf/dnf.conf。在此文件中，有一个强制的 [main] 部分，允许使用具有全局影响的选项配置 DNF。此外，它可能包括一个或多个 [repository] 部分，提供设置存储库特定选项的能力。
在 /etc/dnf/dnf.conf 文件的 [repository] 部分中指定的任何值都将优先于在 [main] 部分中设置的值。
cat /etc/dnf/dnf.conf
[main]
gpgcheck=1
installonly_limit=3
clean_requirements_on_remove=True
best=True
skip_if_unavailable=False
DNF config-manager¶
要检索配置选项的完整列表及其各自的值以及有关存储库的信息，请使用 dnf config-manager 命令和 --dump 选项。
dnf config-manager --dump
sudo dnf config-manager --dump
============================================================ main ============================================================
[main]
allow_vendor_change = 1
assumeno = 0
assumeyes = 0
autocheck_running_kernel = 1
bandwidth = 0
best = 1
bugtracker_url = https://bugs.rockylinux.org/
cachedir = /var/cache/dnf
cacheonly = 0
check_config_file_age = 1
clean_requirements_on_remove = 1
color = auto
color_list_available_downgrade = magenta
color_list_available_install = bold,cyan
color_list_available_reinstall = bold,underline,green
color_list_available_upgrade = bold,blue
color_list_installed_extra = bold,red
color_list_installed_newer = bold,yellow
color_list_installed_older = yellow
color_list_installed_reinstall = cyan
color_search_match = bold,magenta
color_update_installed = red
color_update_local = green
color_update_remote = bold,green
config_file_path = /etc/dnf/dnf.conf
countme = 0
debug_solver = 0
debuglevel = 2
defaultyes = 0
deltarpm = 1
deltarpm_percentage = 75
disable_excludes =
diskspacecheck = 1
enabled = 1
enablegroups = 1
errorlevel = 3
exclude =
exclude_from_weak =
exclude_from_weak_autodetect = 1
excludepkgs =
exit_on_lock = 0
fastestmirror = 0
gpgcheck = 1
gpgkey_dns_verification = 0
group_package_types = mandatory, default, conditional
history_list_view = commands
history_record = 1
history_record_packages = dnf, rpm
ignorearch = 0
includepkgs =
install_weak_deps = 1
installonly_limit = 3
installonlypkgs = kernel, kernel-PAE, installonlypkg(kernel), installonlypkg(kernel-module), installonlypkg(vm), multiversion(kernel)
installroot = /
ip_resolve = whatever
keepcache = 0
localpkg_gpgcheck = 0
log_compress = 0
log_rotate = 4
log_size = 1048576
logdir = /var/log
logfilelevel = 9
max_downloads_per_mirror = 3
max_parallel_downloads = 3
metadata_expire = 172800
metadata_timer_sync = 10800
minrate = 1000
module_obsoletes = 0
module_stream_switch = 0
multilib_policy = best
obsoletes = 1
password =
persistdir = /var/lib/dnf
pluginconfpath = /etc/dnf/plugins
pluginpath = /usr/lib/python3.9/site-packages/dnf-plugins
plugins = 1
protect_running_kernel = 1
protected_packages = dnf, setup, systemd, systemd-udev, dnf, yum, sudo, setup, systemd, systemd-udev, dnf, yum, sudo
proxy =
proxy_auth_method = any
proxy_sslcacert =
proxy_sslclientcert =
proxy_sslclientkey =
proxy_sslverify = 1
recent = 7
repo_gpgcheck = 0
reposdir = /etc/yum.repos.d, /etc/yum/repos.d, /etc/distro.repos.d
reset_nice = 1
retries = 10
rpmverbosity = info
showdupesfromrepos = 0
skip_broken = 0
skip_if_unavailable = 0
sslcacert =
sslclientcert =
sslclientkey =
sslverify = 1
sslverifystatus = 0
strict = 1
system_cachedir = /var/cache/dnf
throttle = 0
timeout = 30
transformdb = 1
tsflags =
upgrade_group_objects_upgrade = 1
user_agent = libdnf (Rocky Linux 9.3; generic; Linux.x86_64)
username =
varsdir = /etc/yum/vars, /etc/dnf/vars
zchunk = 1
结论¶
Rocky Linux 使用 DNF，它是 YUM 的下一代替代品。此页面上展示了 DNF 基本用法的示例。有关更多信息，请参考 DNF 的官方文档
作者：Emre Camalan
贡献者：Steven Spencer，Ganna Zhyrnova